Basin brief and work
The MUS activities for the Nile Basin all take place in Ethiopia. Mekelle University in the north of the country is the leading partner for MUS in the Nile basin, in collaboration with IWMI's sub-regional office for the Nile Basin and East Africa (IWMI-NBEA) based in Addis Ababa. Catholic Relief Services (CRS) was IWMI's first national project partner in Ethiopia as it has applied the concept of MUS for several years now and is seeking for ways to standardize the approach. As with the overall project, the underlying hypothesis in Ethiopia is that integrated multiple use water systems are more sustainable and more effective in reducing poverty than multiple but separate water systems for domestic and productive purposes. It is hoped that with the MUS project, approaches will be developed that increase sustainability. Important issues to address in the project include water source mobilization and hydrology, water distribution technology, access to markets, hygiene behaviour, water quality, organization, rules and by-laws, but also related topics such as sanitation coverage and use.
MUS seminar -
A national level seminar was held on multiple use water services in Addis Ababa on October 26, 2006, linked to the inception workshop of the RiPPLE (Research-inspired Policy and Practice Learning in Ethiopia and the Nile region) project. A total of 19 people participated from several national and international organizations.
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- MUS activities in Ethiopia
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The MUS project activities in Ethiopia started in 2004, in partnership with CRS. The project works in several study areas.
- Legedini watershed, two hours east from the town of Dire Dawa in East Harerghe, Oromia Region. It has an integrated domestic water system.
- Adidaero watershed, 45 minutes from the town of Mekelle in Tigray. Multiple sources are exploited here for multiple uses.
- Water harvesting ponds in Tigray and Amhara Regions (Nile basin).
- Ginchi: appropriate water treatment in Yubdo Legebatu Peasant Association (YLPA).
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- Legedini watershed
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In the Legedini watershed in eastern Ethiopia, 11 villages with a total population of around 4000 people, together have access to 8 different sources of water, including a borehole and a spring each with their distribution network, but also shallow wells and rainwater harvesting systems. In the hot and dry climate there seems to be hardly enough water for domestic purposes and the region is chronically food-insecure. Water quality in several sources is questionable and the prevalence of intestinal parasites among children is high. However, careful analysis of the various water sources and their uses shows that an integrated multiple uses approach can help to increase the benefits of improved water supply, at some sites even enabling irrigation.
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- Adidaero watershed
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The Adidaero watershed is some 45 minutes from the town of Mekelle in the Enderta Woreda, southern Tigray. The watershed has an irrigation system, several water points for domestic use and one multipurpose system for irrigation, drinking water, livestock and laundry.
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- Water harvesting ponds and shallow wells in Tigray Region
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Water harvesting ponds and shallow wells have been implemented at large scale in the Tigray region, largely for productive purposes. While the central as well as regional governments actively promote the construction of thousands of ponds, all kinds of operational issues hamper the optimal exploitation of these water sources for multiple uses.
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- Ginchi: appropriate water treatment in Yubdo Legebatu Peasant Association
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Most of the water resources in the Yubdo Legebatu Peasant Association (YLPA) in the Dandi Woreda in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia were found unsuitable for human consumption as livestock have open access to all sources at any point in time. In this community a simple, locally developed water storage and treatment technique will be tested by the community.
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